Living With Multiple Sclerosis
If you have multiple sclerosis (MS), exercise can help retain flexibility and balance, promote cardiovascular fitness and a sense of well-being, and prevent complications from inactivity. Exercise also helps regulate appetite, bowel movements and sleep patterns.
在力量和协调性不受影响的情况下,慢跑、散步和有氧运动都是有益的. 如果走路或平衡能力受损,骑固定自行车可能更实用. Swimming is helpful for stretching and cardiovascular fitness. 瑜伽和太极对伸展和促进幸福感最有用. 你的物理和职业治疗师将帮助你选择最好的锻炼计划.
减压
Although stress cannot be totally eliminated from our lives, we can learn to manage it more effectively. 任何压力的减少都会带来幸福感的提高和能量的增加. 心理学家或社会工作者可能会根据你的需要制定一个压力管理计划. The following are some useful stress reduction techniques:
- 找出你生活中压力的原因,分享你的想法和感受.
- Simplify your responsibilities by setting priorities.
- Try relaxation and meditation exercises.
- Manage your time and conserve your energy.
- Ask for help when needed.
- Set both short-term and life goals for yourself.
- Keep as active as possible both physically and mentally.
- 认清你无法改变的事情,不要浪费时间去尝试.
- Make time for fun activities and maintain your sense of humor.
营养
良好的营养能最大限度地提高你的能量、总体幸福感和治疗能力. A dietary routine also contributes to regular bowel habits. 虽然没有特定的饮食被证明可以最终改善MS的自然史, 大多数人确实报告说,在遵循精心计划的饮食后,他们的幸福感得到了改善. Several published diets are healthful and easy to follow. Others are more restrictive and less practical.
Vitamin and Mineral Supplements
除非你的十大赌博平台排行榜发现有特定的维生素缺乏症,否则没有科学证据证明补充剂量的维生素或矿物质, alone or in combination, favorably affect the course of the disease. 注意不要过量服用维生素B6,因为过量服用这种维生素会产生类似于多发性硬化症的感觉症状. High doses of vitamin A and D are toxic.
Oleic and Linoleic Acids
These fatty acids have been reported to be deficient in MS patients. 有一个未经证实的建议,补充这些脂肪酸可能会稍微减少MS发作的频率. These fatty acids are contained in sunflower seed oil and primrose oil. The former is much cheaper and readily available in grocery stores. 每天两汤匙葵花籽油可以为你提供这些脂肪酸,并给你一种泻药的额外好处.
皮肤护理
If you have problems with mobility, muscle contractures or are confined to a wheelchair, you should check your skin regularly for sores, 压力点, infections and abrasions. 定期的皮肤护理可以减少皮肤破损的机会,并帮助你避免诸如褥疮溃疡之类的并发症. Be sure to check the pressure points on your body including your heels, 膝盖, 臀部, buttocks and elbows. 记得在户外时要涂防晒霜和穿防护服来预防皮肤癌, whether it is sunny or not. Get familiar with your skin and examine it frequently.
Urinary Tract Infections
Vitamin C helps to acidify the urine and prevent the growth of bacteria. Orange juice or vitamin C tablets are both useful. 蔓越莓汁也会使尿液酸化,对于那些计算卡路里的人来说,蔓越莓汁是一种无糖果汁. If you develop new urinary frequency, burning when you urinate or have difficulty passing your urine, 你应该打电话给你的十大赌博平台排行榜,看看是否有尿路感染的可能.
接种疫苗
传统上,人们一直担心免疫接种会刺激免疫系统,从而使多发性硬化症恶化. 除了与发热相关的短暂性恶化或已知与某些疫苗相关的罕见神经系统并发症, there is no convincing evidence that immunizations make MS patients worse. 如果十大赌博平台排行榜建议进行免疫接种,可能会很安全. 一般来说,如果患者正在经历急性多发性硬化症发作,应推迟免疫接种. 然而, in some circumstances, such as when urgent vaccinations for tetanus or rabies are required, immunizations should be given immediately. If questions arise, you should discuss them further with your neurologist.
物理治疗
物理治疗(PT)侧重于保持或提高安全性和独立性与功能活动的方法. This may be accomplished through a variety of approaches including:
- Mobility technique training
- Home exercise programs
- Caregiver training
- Effective use of adaptive equipment
以下是有助于日常管理活动相关症状的PT治疗策略的例子.
Exercise Categories
你和理疗师应该根据你当前的需求和未来的目标制定一个个性化的锻炼计划. This may include yoga, exercises in a gym, tai chi or Feldenkrais, as well as traditional forms of exercise such as running, 走, 骑自行车, swimming or water aerobics. 在某些情况下,练习可以独立进行,有或没有修改. 在其他情况下,某些更具挑战性的练习可能需要一些帮助.
伸展运动
通常,多发性硬化症患者有痉挛,特别是在他们的下肢. 这可能会导致腿僵硬,如果一个有规律的拉伸计划不纳入日常活动. 伸展运动有助于保持或改善肌肉长度,从而获得更大的灵活性.
协调
协调练习是为了提高平衡性和有目的的运动的便利性. The degree of skill required to perform the exercises varies. An appropriate program will be discussed with the individual MS patient.
加强
强化锻炼是为了锻炼虚弱的肌肉,帮助运动和行走. 虽然是有益的,但建议在执行强化计划时谨慎行事. 例如, 如果一个人经历了剧烈的锻炼,但太累了,不能准备晚餐或做家务,通常可以毫不费力地完成, 可能有必要修改计划或在一天中更均匀地安排活动.
Upper Body Exercises
这些简单的练习旨在促进灵活性和肌肉平衡,以及增强上肢功能. If done correctly, they are appropriate for all stages of MS. 伸展运动要慢慢做,一般保持大约5到10秒. These exercises can be performed either seated or lying on your back. Repeat each exercise five to 10 times on each side as tolerated. You can do one side at a time or both sides at the same time.加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. 它仅用于教育目的,并不打算取代您的十大赌博平台排行榜或其他医疗保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.